Narrative Synthesis

This is the third part of a Cochrane Learning Live webinar on Narrative synthesis of quantitative effect data in Cochrane reviews. Narrative approaches to systematic review and synthesis of evidence for international development policy and practice Birte Snilstveitab Sandy Oliverc and Martina Vojtkovaa aInternational Initiative for Impact Evaluation 3ie London UK.

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Narrative synthesis is a generic term and there are many other terms used to describe approaches which rely heavily on narrative rather than statistical synthesis.

Narrative synthesis. This is the first part of a Cochrane Learning Live webinar on Narrative synthesis of quantitative effect data in Cochrane reviews. BLondon International Development Centre 36 Gordon Square WC1H OPD London UK. Narrative synthesis of quantitative data NS is a method commonly used in systematic reviews where it may not be appropriate or possible to meta-analyse estimates of intervention effects.

Results organised by the comparisons which are structured according to the outcomes of the review and according to other questions posed by the review such as does the setting timing and delivery of the intervention information provision affect outcomes. Purpose of narrative synthesis is the organisation description exploration and interpretation of study findings and the attempt to find explanations for and moderators of those findings Pope Mays Popay 2007. As a result in reviews where statistical or other formal methods of pooling of data is not possible or appropriate approaches to summarising and presenting findings narratively is varied and often inadequate.

Some form of narrative synthesis should be provided in any Systematic Map simply to present the context and overview of the distribution and abundance of evidence. Narrative synthesis is a common synthesis method and used to synthesise data when meta-analysis is not possible or appropriate. Narrative synthesis is a common approach to the synthesis of data in systematic reviews however methodological guidance on the conduct of narrative syntheses is limited.

Creating the guidance document A generic framework consisting of four main elements was developed to characterise the narrative synthesis approach. 58 77 of the 75 reviews assessed in more detail provided no rationale for or description of the narrative synthesis process with 36 48 simply stating that meta-analysis was not. Around 10 of Cochrane Reviews use narrative synthesis for some or all of the data.

A narrative synthesis can provide a first step in looking systematically at and organising the data. Developing a theory of how the intervention works why and for whom. Evidence synthesis includes but is not restricted to systematic reviews.

Examples of narrative synthesis approaches used in systematic reviews Narrative data only no meta-analysis For example. They also provide an overview of how transparency can be improved and finish by introducing the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis SWiM reporting guideline which is the focus of the second webinar. We systematically assessed the reporting and conduct of narrative synthesis in reviews assessing public health interventions.

Current issues and ways. Then a narrative synthesis was performed to synthesize the findings of the different studies. O Limited with respect to effectiveness.

Narrative synthesis in Systematic Maps is the tabulation andor visualisation often with descriptive statistics of the characteristics of individual primary studies with supporting text to explain the context. Narrative synthesis we believe is more likely to result in reports which are more accessible to those who might use the findings. Narrative synthesis has been criticised for its lack of transparency raising concerns about potential bias in many systematic reviews used in public health and threatening their value for decision making.

Because of the range of very different studies that were included in this systematic review we have decided that a narrative synthesis constitutes the. Narrative synthesis as the latter refers specifically to a specific approach to that part of a systematic review process concerned with combining the findings of multiple studies. This ultimately threatens the value of the synthesis and the extent to which the conclusions can be trusted.

Intervention observational Number and characteristics of participants Description of interventions andor outcome measures Study quality In addition especially if meta-analysis is not going to be performed Discussion of heterogeneity differences across studies. Narrative synthesis as the latter refers specifically to a specific approa ch to that part of a systematic review process conce rned with combining the finding s of multiple studies. Current issues and ways.

Developing a preliminary synthesis Exploring relationships within and between studies and. Synthesizing qualitative and quantitative health evidence p104. CEPPI Centre Institute of.

Since narrative synthesis will be used to a greater or lesser extent in. Narrative synthesis refers to an approach to the systematic review and synthesis of findings from multiple studies that relies primarily on the use of words and text to. A common criticism of NS is that it is opaque and subject to author interpretation casting doubt on the trustworthiness of a reviews conclusions.

Narrative synthesis Usually includes. Rodgers et al. Study type eg.

In this article we use it as an overarching term to describe a family of methods for synthesising data narratively focusing particularly on the application of narrative approaches to the synthesis of qualitative evidence. In public health reviews where there are often multiple sources of heterogeneity narrative synthesis is frequently the. Reporting of narrative synthesis methods and data were limited in most reviews.

Suggest making sense of large bodies of evidence adopting a range of research methods is a challenge that narrative synthesis addresses to add to a body of knowledge rather than simply summarizing research findingsThus we have aimed to integrate relevant literature to provide an original synthesis that is greater than the sum of the parts Weed 2005 identifying themes that. This presentation will report on methodological work in progress and provide an overview of the kinds of tools and techniques that are available in the literature to guide the narrative synthesis of. Findings Narrative synthesis was used in 251 53 of the 474 reviews sampled.

They describe use of the term narrative synthesis and common issues in narrative synthesis including transparency in reporting and ambiguity about narrative synthesis as a method. Narrative synthesis is used in different ways.

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